Cultivator.



,PATENTED'AUG. 7, 1906.

8. L. ALLEN. OULTIVATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 10. 1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I WITNESSES No. 828,171. PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906. S. L. ALLEN.

GULTIVATOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. '10, 1904.

WITNESSES 9 INVENTOH awmcizy. 8 2 //me,

ATTORNEY.

No. 828,171. PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

' S. L. ALLEN.

GULTIVATOR.

' APPLIGATION FILED MAR.1 0. 904. v

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' INVENZ'O/i r A TTOIMEY.

PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

S. L. ALLEN. GULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 1613.10.1904.

I 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

' WITNESSES.-

24M zmzzg.

l TTORIIEY.

N 0- 828,171. PATBNTBD AUG. 7, 1906.

s. L. ALLEN.-

OULTIVATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 10, 1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WITNESSES "(YEN TOR PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

S. L. ALLEN. GULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1904.

6 SHBETS-SHEET 6.

WIT/P158858} ATTORNEY.

SAMUEL L. ALLEN, OF MQORES TOWN, NEW JERSEY.

CULTIVATOR.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Fatented Aug. 7, 1906.

, Application filed Mai-ell 10, 1904. Serial lio- 197 554.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL L. ALLEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resid ent of Moorestown, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cultivators, of which the following is a full, clear, and complete disclosure.

My invention relates to certain improvements in harrows and cultivators, and par ticularly to cultivators adapted to preparing ground for grain and other crops, the working of orchards, hop-yards, and vineyards where it is desired to work a number of rows at one passage of the machine. In machines of this character the width of the toolcarry ing frame or gang is considerably greater than in the average cultivator, and the frame is extended beyond or outside of the wheels.

One purpose of my invention is to provide mechanism such that the gang and frame may be easily raised and lowered. This is accomplished in part by causing the weight of the rider or operator to be transferred from the frame to the means for raising and lowering the frame, as well as providing means for aiding in such raising and lowering by hand operated devices. i

A further ob'ect of my invention is to provide simple and inexpensive means for rig idly holding the tool or blade standards in position with no danger of having the same displaced orloosened by contact with rough or irregular ground.

A further object of my invention is to provide a more simplified structure than has existed heretofore in this class of machines, while at the same time increasing the strength of the parts without the loss of metal or time employed in cons truction.

A further object of my invention is to produce such a construction that the parts of the machine are accurately balanced, so that when the blades are in their operative or in operative position the frame may be easily moved to the other position without the exertion or use of an undue amount of force or power. In machines heretofore produced it has been somewhat ,,diflicult to manually raise the teeth or blades while they are in operation, and previous styles have alsobeen in many instances difficult to force into the ground in hard soils. In my invention this latter is done automatically by the arrangement of draft.

A further object of my invention is to provide a simple and eflicient means for regulating the depth to which the teeth or blades of the cultivator may enter the ground and also to provide means for easily and quickly fixing or holding the gangeframe in its raised position.

With these objects in view forms of my invention are comprised in the construction, arrangement, a nd combinations of parts hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed .out the claims. For a full, clear, and exact description of these forms of my invention reference may be had to the following specificationand to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof, in which like numerals of reference indicate corresponding P r s Figure l is a side elevation of one form of my improved cultivator, showing the parts in position when the blades a e in he g u d; Fig. 2, a plan View of the same; Fig. 3, a sectional view taken substantially on the lines 3 3 of Fig. 2 and showing the parts in corre. sponding position, as in Fig. 1; Fig. ti, a sectional view taken on the same line 3 3 of Fig. 2 and showing the parts in the position when the blades are withdrawn from the ground and in operative osition to permit of trans.-

portation from p ace to place; Fig. 5, a de-' tailed view showing the construction of the bars for clamping the cultivator blades in pos t on Fig- .6 s a detailed View showing n odfi d means for holding the ol-standards i the sen -frem s-. 7 e vie-W ho i parts o the onl iVe Q iT m adjacen to the pole inelevet nan constitut g a m ified fo m o s multaneously egulating the depth at which th bl m y ent r the g ound and for varying the angle f th draft, and Fig. 8 is a plan viewof the same.

e r ing to the drawings, the num ra 1 indicates the main axle up n which the sire po ting-wheels 2 2 areedepted o rotateh wheels 2 2 may be eld in p ition up n the a de 1 in any suitable manner; .but I have preferably employed the split pin and collar con u ion, a hownigid y a tached to each end of theaXle l and eXtendin at right angles thereto are the links 8, ,w hich are adapted to assume any angle in relation to the horizontal. To the ends of the links 3 I pivot the two parallel ends ofa substantially rectang ar fr me by means of bolts 3- The rear side of this frame is preferably formed by two similar parallel bars 5 and 6, which are suitably spaced apart by means hereinafter to be more fully described and,

which are attached to the end bars 7 of said rectangular frame by curving the rear ends of the latter downward and then upward, as

the end bars 7 are placed at points intermer diate to the ends of said frame and substantially in line with the normal pull of the swingletrees to strengthen the same and distribute the strain due to the draft upon the blades and frame.

'cient distance to holes 11.

12 indicates a tongue which extends above" the forward side of the frame and then rearward to a point between the plates or angleirons 10 and is provided in its ends with a, hole which is adapted to receive a bolt or pin .m'ally fixed in relation to each other except which when placed in any of the holes 11 will hold said tongue in position. Said tongue is held in position above the forward side of the frame 4 by means of two plates in the form of hooks 14, which are located on each side of said tongue 12 and extended beneath the frame, as fully indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. This construction consequently makes the tongue a part of the gang-frame, particularly in relation to the roller 40, hereinafter to be referred to. It will be seen by placing the bolt 13 through the tongue many of the different holes 11 the angle of-said'tongue may be adjusted in relation to the frame 4 to suit the height of the horse or other draft-animals.

As means for drawing the frame and attaching the same to the whiflletree, I provide the following parts: To the bar 5 I attach the yoke 15, which has parallel arms 16, adapted to hold the bolt 17. Said bolt forms a pivot for one end of a curved bar 18, which extends forward and downward and is provided at its end by means, as indicated at 19, for attaching the swingletrees, whiflietree, or other draft devices thereto. This forward end is held in position by means of a hanger 20, composed of double bars or links having a series of holes 21 therein for adjusting the height of the bar ends by means of U-shaped clamps 22,

18 inrelation to the frame 4, according to the angle at which it is desired to attach the draft devices to the cultivator. The bars 20 are attached to the frame 4 at their upper which are held in position adjustably upon said frame by means of bolts 23. To one side of each of said U-shaped pieces 22 are riveted L-shaped angle-irons 24, one arm of which extends forwardly and supports the two bars 20. It will be seen that if it is desired to vary the points of draft upon the frame 4 the U- To the rear ends of the frame 4 andupon the bar 5 are attached two angle-irons 10, the inwardly-extending portions of which are' enlarged and extended vertically at suffi' provide space for a series of s'aaifri .shaped clamps may be moved laterally, so

that the distance from the tongue 12 may be such as to equalize the difference in strength of the horses or other draft-animals.

, By this construction the whole width of the forward bar 4 of the machine serves as a doubletree,'and the swingle or whiflie trees are thereby attached directly to the frame, thereby doing away with the additional expense "and complication of the doubletree. At the same time adjustability of the points of attachment of the swingletrees allows the points of drafts to be changed in relation to the center of the machine and enables the pull of horses differing in strength to be equal ized. Iii case one corner of the machine is caught in an obstruction the pull of only one horse is thrownfon that part and that directly from the horse to the obstruction i11- stead of through a king-bolt, as is usually provided With a doubletree, which brings a "rans verse pull upon the frame of the ma- 1 chine.

The frame 4 comprises the bars 5 6 7 and the tongue 12. The bars 9 and 18 are norwhen adjusted for the purposes already described, and hereinafter when the frame 4 is considered to assume a different position said bars are also to be considered to move with theframe. The supports 25, which carry the blades 26, are held between the rear parallel bars 5 and 6 in a manner hereinafter to be described, as are also curved supports or standards 27, which carry the blades 28.

Supports or standards 25 and 27 are such a length as to carry the blades several inches below the surface of the ground when in their operative position, each alternate support and bladebeing in advance of the adjacent ones.

The supports or standards 27, which are at the extreme ends of the tool-gang, are preferably bent. outwardly, so as to bring the blades thereof outside of the extreme width of the gang-frame. These are provided for the purpose of enabling the cultivator to be used be tween trees or other growths or obj ects which are fixed in the ground and which, if becoming entangled in or obstructing the gangframe, would be hard to disengage. By extending the outer tool-standards beyond the frame, the frame may be made narrower, if desired, and yet have the same width of cut as though the frame extended the same width as the outer blades, and if said blades become engaged or obstructed by any outside object the standards may be removed from the toolang and the obstructing parts disengaged from the blades or standards.

I shall now proceed to describe the means for raising and lowering the gang-frame and tool-gang. For this means I have devised two forms, the first of which is adapted to do away with the use of a doubletree and the latter of which retains the doubletree, but enables the angle of the draft to be regulated at the same time that the depth to which the blades may enter the ground is adjusted.

To the axle 1 is attached a U-shaped bar 30, which terminates in foot-pieces 31, extending at right angles to the sides of the U. Upon each of said sides is riveted a plate 33 and which extends substantially at right angles to said sides, thereby constituting a bell-crank lever. At the upper ends of these plates 33 are pivoted two bars 34 and 35, which unite midway of their lengths to form a lever 36. The bars 34 and 35, which form the lever 36, extend each side of the tongue 12 to the points where they are attached to the plates 33 and are held in position relative to each other above said tongue by means'of the bolts 37 and 38, the bolt 38 being long enough to form a tie to connect the bars 34 and 35. To each of the bars 34 and 35, midway between the points where they are attached to the plates 33 and the point of convergence or union I attach angle-plates 39, which carry at their lower ends a roller 40, which is adapted to bear underneath the tongue 12 and have a longitudinal movement thereon. For the purpose of holding the lever 36 in its correct relation to the tongue 12 and to determine the depth of cut when the blades are in their operative position in the ground I provide the adjustable slotted segment 41, .which is attached to said lever 36 by means of an extension or arm 42, which is pivoted on the bolt 37 between the bars 34 and 35. The slot of said segment includes the bolt 38, which when tightened holds said segment 41 firmly in position with its end resting upon the tongue 12.

ported upon the axle 1 through the plates 33 since the tongue 12 is supported upon the roller 40, which is attached to the rods 34 and 35, the roller 40 acting as a fulcrum whose position is fixed by means of the segment 41.-

The plates 39 and the roller 40 are a preferred form of fulcrum, especially in view of the factof' its antifriction contact with the gangframe; but any other form of fulcrum may be used, whether antifrictional or not in its bearing engagement with the gang-frame. However, the weight supported by these parts is not afiected by the draft upon the machine, as such draft is substantially in a straight line with the blades 26 and 28, and although the gang-frame is fixed in position by the comparatively light parts carried by the lever 36, including the rods 34 and 35, yet there is no great strain upon them, andthe only actual weight that they have to support is that of the operator and the weight of the gang-frame and connecting parts. When it is desired to raise the blades from the ground by elevating the gang-frame, the feet of the driver or operator are placed upon the It will now be seen that the whole frame 4 will be sup-v foot-levers 30 and 31, and the lever 36 is grasped by his hand. Then in pushing downwardly with the feet and pulling upwardly with the hand the roller 40 is raised and travels on the under side of tongue 12, as the plates 33 are rotated with the axle 1. The roller 40 in being raised carries with it the tongue 12, and as the latter is fixed in relation to the gang-frame said gang-frame must also be raised, carrying with it the supports and blades. It will be seen that more or less of the weight of the rider or operator may be thrown upon the foot portions 31, according to the weight and difliculty of raising the gang-frames, and, if necessary, said operator may stand upon said foot portions, relieving the seat and frame of his weight entirely, and thereby utilizing his whole weight in raising the gang-framesin addition to the force exerted on the hand-lever 36 by pulling upwardly thereon. When the gang-frame is once raised, it is only necessary to hold the hand-lever 36 in its new position in order to keep the blades of the cultivator free from the ground. This is done by the following means: To the seat-support 43, which is attached to the tongue 12 in any suitable manner, asshown at 44, I bolt two angle-irons 45, between which is pivoted a bar or tie-rod 46, which has in its under side an inclined notch 47. This notch 47 is adapted to engage the bolt 37 or other suitable fixture when the le ver 36 is in its raised position, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4. By referring to said Fig. 4 the position of\ parts in their new or raised position will be plainly seen. By this construction it will be evident that the means for raising and lowering the gang-frame and the supports for the blades of teeth is balanced in either position of said frame by reason of the fact that the lever 36, including the rods 34 and 35, are in the nature of a toggle in connection with the plates 33, which when in the position shown in Fig. 4 are nearly in a straight line passing through the axis of the axlef When in this position, the

IIO

links 3 support a large share of the weight of v the gang-frame. When the. frame is in its lower position and the blades are in the ground, the line of draft is practically straight from the work to the shoulders of the team, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 3, and as said draft-line is quite below the wheel-axle, which is the pivotal point for the gang-bar, the harder the Work the more the draft of the team draws the blades into the soil, except as governed by the depth-regulator 41. It will also be noticed that the seat and seat-support 43 are carried by the tongue, which is in turn supported by the gang-frame, thereby enabling the weight of the body of the driver or operator to keep the blades at their proper depth in the ground but from the fact that the weight of the driver or operator can be transferred to the foot-pieces 31 when it is desired to raise the gang-frame I 58, which will thereby cause the gang-frame the weight of said driver is not a hindrance in raising said frame, but operates to aid in so doing. When it is desired to lower the frame by disengaging the bolt 37 from the notch 47, it is only necessary to give the hand-lever 36 a slight rearward movement, which causes the bolts 37 to slide out of the notch 47. The lever then may be moved forward quickly and the bolt 37 will pass the entrance to the notch 47 without engaging the same, thus allowing the hand-lever 36 to be lowered, together with the gang-frame.

In Figs. 7 and. 8 I have shown an arrangement of parts for enabling the angle of draft to be regulated at the same time that the depth to which the blades may enter the ground is adjusted. I11 this construction the bars 18,with the clamps 22 and their connecting parts, are omitted, and in place thereof I- provide an adjustable bar which comprises two parallel portions 55, which pass each side of the tongue or central bar 12 of the frame and which are connected at their upper ends by means of a short cross portion 56. The lower ends of these parallel portions 55 are pivoted to bent parallel bars 56. These bars are pivoted to each side of the tongue 12 by bolt 57. The portions 55 are provided with a series of holes 58, which are adapted to receive a pin 59, which also passes through a hole in the tongue 12. Said pin and holes serve as means to adjust a connecting-piece 60, to which the doubletree is attached. As the connecting or cross portlon 56 is directly above the tongue, the same is also directly under the nand-lever 36, and when said hand-lever 36 is in its lower position the same will restupon and be supported by the cross portion 56. The slotted segment (shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclus vel of course is done away with. The parallel bars 56 are bent so as to clear the bars 34, and their attached parts and the foot-levers 30 are spaced apart to a'slightly greater extent than shown in Fig. 2 in order that they may not interfere with said bars 56. It will therefore be seen that when'the hand and foot levers are operated to raise the gang-frame, said bars 56 will not interfere with the bars 34 and the foot-levers 30. In this construction it is only necessary in adjusting the depth at which the blades are to enter the ground to put the pin 59 through any of the holes 58 and through the hole, in the tongue 12. If the pin 59 is placed in one of the upper holes and through the tongue, the handlever 36 will be supported in a comparatively low position and the connecting parts will also below, and therefore makethe angle of draft low, which will cause the blades to automatically be pulled into the ground to a greater depth. When it is desired to have the blades enter the ground to a less depth, the pin 59 is placed in one of the lower holes through the hand-lever to be supported in a higher position and also raise the point of draft and give a greater angle thereof in reference tothe surface of the ground. 7

I shall now proceed to describe a special form of means for holding the tool-standards 25 and 27 in position between the bars 5 and 6' As is indicated in Fig. 1 said bars are provided at intervals with holes to receive bolts 49, which are all substantially alike with the exception that those which hold the bars 7 and 9 in position are long enough to extend through the heads 8, and those which hold the yokes. 15 in position are long enough to extend through said yokes, while those bolts each side of the tongue hold the -angle-irons 10 in position. Between each of the holes for each bolt, as shown in Fig. 2, I provide additional holes for adjusting the distances or spaces between the standards 25 and 27. Adjacent to all of the holes in the bars 5 and 6 and upon each side thereof I provide vertical grooves which are adapted to receive the edges of the standards 25 and 27. By this means it will be seen that when it is desired to increase or diminish the number of teeth or blades'in the cultivator or space them at different distances it is only necessary to remove the bolts 49 and place them in holes adjacent to the grooves in which it is desired to hold the supports 25 and 26 to correspond with the new spacing. In forming the 'bars 5 and 6 I preferably take a bar of the thickness and width indicated and forge it into the shape desired without removing any of the metal, as shown in Fig. 5. The holes are forced therein and provided with a square countersunk portion 52 to receive the square under the bolt-head and prevent it from turning. The grooves 50 are preferably forged hot in said bars 5 and 6. By this method of making the said bars I provide the greatest strength atthe points where it isv needed, and at the same time I am enabled to do so without the waste of any metal. In

Fig. 6 I have shown a modified form of themeans for attaching the tool-standards to the gang-frame. Instead of having the tool standards clamped directly between the bars 5 and 6 I may interpose between said bars and each tool-standard a pair of blocks 50 51. These blocks are grooved on their inner surfaces, as shown at 54, to receive the curved edges of the tool-standard between them and have upper. and lower flanges 53 53 projecting from their outer surfaces between which pass the bars 5 and 6, respectively. By this construction the tool-standard may be held at variable distances apart between the clamping means or bolts 49. This has the same efiect as the series of grooves directly in the bars 5 and 6 without the necessity of forming said grooves directly in the bars. In these means for holding the -IIO tool-standards I do not wish to be .understood as being limited to the exact constrnction shown, as the grooves may be either square or rounded and may be formed in one bar instead of both bars 5 and 6, and instead of having the tool-bars rounded the same may be square and the grooves made square to correspond thereto. It is also not necessary that the grooves in the bars 5 and ;6 be vertical, as they may be placed at any angleand when no grooves are used-it will be seen that the tool-standards may be set at different angles without .limit.

I do not Wish to be limited to the enact detail of form in arrangement ,of parts of the device herein set forth, for changes may be made without a loss in the advantages, functions, and results attained and without departing from the spirit and scope ,of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for ais g a am co pr sing a a -l ver having a movable fulcrum engag ng a part of sa d frame so as to support the same, and

means for retaining said lever in different positions.

In a cul vato a gang-fr m means for raising said frame comprising a hand-lever, foot-operated means cooperating with said hand-lever, said hand-lever having a movable fulcrum engaging a part of said frame, and means for retaining said lever in different positions.

3- n a i tor, a gang-frame, me f raising said Tame COmprising a handdfiver, a fulcrum movable 'lon itudinally of said frame and carried by said Iever so as to engage a frame-bar, and means for retaining said lever in different positions.

4. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said frame comprising a hand-lever, a movable fulcrum carried by said lever and g g g a f ea oot-opera d m an cooperating with said hand leve r, and means for retaining said lever in different positions.

5. Ina cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said gang-frame comprising a bellcrank lever, a hand-lever pivoted to said bellcrank lever and having a longitudinally movable fulcrum engaging said frame so as to. support the same in different relative posi-. tions.

6. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bellcrank lever, one of the arms of said bellcrank lever having a foot portion, a hand-le ver pivoted to the other arm of said bellcrank lever, and having a longitudinally.- movable fulcrum upon which said frame is adapted to rest and means for holding said levers in different relative positions.

7. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bellcrank lever, one arm of-said bell-crank lever having foot .portions, .a hand-lever having a longitudinally-movable fulcrum supporting said gang-frame pivoted to the other arm of said bell-crank lever, and means forholding said levers in different relative positions. 8. Ina cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bell- ,crank lever, a hand-lever pivoted to one arm .of said bell-crank lever, a longitudinallymovfible fulcrum carried by said hand-lever to port'said frame, and means for holding said evers in different relative positions.

9. Ina cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bellcrank lever, a hand-lever pivoted to one arm of said bell-crank lever, a longitudinallymovable fulcrum carried by said hand-lever and supporting said frame and means for holding said hand-lever in its raised position.

10. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for rai ing said gang-frame, comprising a bell-crank lever, a hand-lever pivoted to one arm of said bell-crank lever, means carried by said lever for movably supporting said frame, adjustable means for fixing the position of said hand-lever, when in its lower position, and a lock for holding said hand-lever its raised position.

1 1. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, a lever g ing a d ga s fra f r rai ing and supporting said frame at different heights and an adjustable stop carried on said frame to limit the oscillation and to fix the position of said lever inrelation to said frame.

12. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, a lever engaging said gang-frame for raising and supporting the same at different heights, an adj usti ble bar carried by said frame and having its upper end adapted to support said lever to fix the position thereof in relation to said frame, and draft means connected adjacent the lower end of said bar.

13. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, a lever engaging said gang-frame for raising and supporting the same at different heights, an adil ab e b r ca e by a ame n nga ing said lever to fix the position thereof in relation to said frame, means for holding said bar in position and draft means connected adjacent the lower end of said bar.

i i. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, a lever engaging said gang-frame, for raising and supporting the same at different heights, an adjustable bar carried by said frame, and engaging said lever to fix the osition thereof in relation to said frame, a ar connecting the lower end of said adjustable bar with the said tongue and adapted to raise and support said frame at different heights, an adjustable bar carried by the tongue, and engaging said said frame, means connecting the lower end of said adjustable bar and said frame, and draft means connected to said adjustable bar.

16. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for supporting said gangframe, a lever carried by said running-gear and having a longitudinally-movable fulcrum engaging a portion of said gang-frame to support the same, and an adjustable stop carried by said lever to limit its oscillation and for fixing the position of same in relation to the gang-frame.

17. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for supporting said gang-frame, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear and having a movable fulcrum for supporting said gang-frame and an adjustable segment carried by said lever for determining the height of the gang-frame in operative position.

18. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for said gang-frame, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear, and having a fulcrum adapted to support said gang-frame, an adjustable slotted segmental bar carried by said lever, and adapted to determine the height of the gang-frame when in operative position.

' 19. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for said gang-frame, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear and having a fulcrum adapted to support said gang-frame and a tie-rod adapted to fix the relation of said lever to the gang-frame when in its raised position.

20. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for said gang-frame, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear and having a fulcrum upon which said gang-frame rests and a notched bar for fixing the relation of said lever to said gang-frame when in its raised position.

21. In a cultivator, a gang-frame,-runninggear therefor, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear and having a fulcrum upon which said gang-frame rests, a bar pivoted in relation to the gang-frame and having an inclined notch adapted to engage a portion of said lever.

22. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, runninggear for said gang-frame, a lever pivoted in relation to said running-gear and having a fulcrum upon which said gang-frame rests, and a pivoted rod having a notch thereinto automatically engage a part of said lever to fix the relation of said lever to the gang-frame When in its raised position.

23. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said frame relative to the runninggear, including a fulcrum movable relatively to the gang-frame.

24. In a cultivator, a gang-frame, means for raising said frame relative to the runninggear, comprising a fulcrum movable relatively to the frame, a lever carrying said fulcrum, and a foot-lever arranged to cooperate with said first-mentioned lever to raise said frame.

v25. In a cultivator, a gang-frame including a tongue, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bell-crank lever having foot portions, a hand-lever pivoted tosaid bellcrank lever, and having a movable fulcrum adapted to bear 011 the under side of said tongue, and means for holding said levers in position in relation to said tongue.

26. In a cultivator, a gang-frame including a tongue, means for raising said gang-frame, comprising a bell-crank lever having foot portions, a hand-lever pivoted to said bellcrank lever and having a fulcrum bearing on the under side of said tongue, and means for holding said levers in position in relation to said tongue.

27. Ina cultivator, a gang-frame having a forward transverse bar, transversely-adjustable clamps carried thereby, dependin links carried by said clamps, bars pivotafiy attached to the gang-frame, and adjustably engaging said links respectively, and means for attaching a swingletree to said last mentioned bars.

28. In a cultivator, a gang-frame having a forward transverse bar, rear tool-bar, transversely-adjustable clamps carried thereby, depending links carried by said clamps, bars pivotally attached to the rear tool-bars and adjustably engaging said links and a means for attaching swingletrees to said last-mentioned bars.

29. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising bars spaced apart horizontally, slidable groove-blocks, and means for clamping t0olstandards, located between said blocks and independent thereof.

30. In a cultivator, a-gang-frame comprising bars s aced apart horizontally, flanged grooved b ocks, bolts connecting said bars and located between said blocks so as to allow transverse adjustment thereof, and toolstandards clamped between said blocks.

31. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising bars spaced apart horizontally, bolts connecting said bars and located at equal inter vals in the length thereof, flanged blocks located between said bolts having vertical grooves therein, and tool-standards which are held by said blocks and retained in said groove.

32. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising bars spaced apart horizontally, flanged groove-blocks, clamping means adapted to draw said blocks and bars together, said clamping means being equally spaced apart so as to allow transverse adjustment of said blocks, and tool-standards having rounded portions, there being rounded grooves in said locks to receive the rounded portions of said tool-standards.

, 33. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising bars spaced apart horizontally, a series of recesses arranged in pairs lengthwise of each bar, a bolt-hole passing through said bars be tween and adjacent to the recesses of each pair, and tool standards adapted to be clamped in any of said recesses.-

34. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising bars spaced apart horizontally, means for clamping tool-standards between said bars comprising a series of recesses arranged horizontally in pairs, and a bolt-hole passing through the bars between and adjacent to the recesses in each pair.

35. In a gang-frame of a cultivator, means for clamping tool-standards thereto, comprising bars horizontally spaced apart, the said bars having oppositely-arranged recesses and bolt-holes therein, the recesses in each bar being arranged in pairs, and having a bolt-hole passing between and adjacent to the recesses of each pair.

86. In a cultivator, a gang-frame comprising forward and rear bars, bars connecting said forward and rear bars, said last-named bars being curved so as to engage the rear of the rear bar, and means for clamping said rear bar and said connecting-bar together.

37. In a cultivator, a gang-frame compris ing forward and rear bars, bars connecting said forward and rear bars, said last named bars being curved downwardly and then up wardly so as to engage the rear side of the rear bar, and means for clamping said curved bars to said rear bar.

38, In a cultivator, a gang-frame co1nprising a forward transverse bar and a rear toolbar, said tool-bar comprising two parallel portions adapted to hold tool-standards be- SAMUEL L. ALLEN.

Witnesses:

HORACE PETTIT, CHARLES F. EGGLESTON. 

